Per: University of Florida: Managing Pesticide Drift
Vapor Drift:
Vapor drift refers to the movement of pesticides as gaseous vapors from the target area. Some pesticides are volatile and can change readily from a solid or liquid into a gas under the right conditions. This most commonly occurs with high air temperatures. Pesticides that have volatilized into a vapor or gas may drift farther and for a longer time than they would have as spray droplets. Only those pesticides that are able to volatilize are susceptible to vapor drift. As air temperatures increase, the likelihood that these pesticides will volatilize and drift also increases. Whenever possible, choose a pesticide formulated as a low-volatility product. Avoid applying volatile pesticides on hot days. Some products can even volatilize several hours after application, so beware if high temperatures are predicted for later in the day. Many products carry precautions against applying these products when temperatures are above 85 degrees F or expected to reach 85 degrees. Remember to check label precautions for product specific concerns about vapor drift.
******
Per: http://www.pesticideresearch.com/site/docs/SecondhandPcides.pdf
New analysis of pesticide drift in this report reveals that several widely used pesticides are regularly found far from their application sites at concentrations that significantly exceed acute and chronic exposure levels deemed “safe” by regulatory agencies. Virtually everywhere pesticides are used, they drift away from their intended target and can persist for days and even months after application. These “secondhand pesticides,” like secondhand cigarette smoke, can cause serious adverse health effects and are forced on others against their will. It’s time for California agriculture to kick the pesticide habit and for the agencies responsible to take action to protect public health by reducing and eliminating use of drift-prone pesticides.
Pesticide drift is any airborne movement of pesticides (insecticides, herbicides, fungicides, etc.) away from the intended target, including droplets, dusts, volatilized vapor-phase pesticides, and pesticide contaminated soil particles. Sometimes drift is very noticeable as a cloud of spray droplets or dust during application, or as an unpleasant odor afterwards. But it is frequently insidious—invisible to the eye and odorless—often persisting for days, weeks, or even months after application as volatile chemicals evaporate and contaminate the air.
*****
Per: http://www.pesticideresearch.com/site/docs/SecondhandPcides.pdf
Spray drift controls are ineffective : Present label language on pesticide products does not adequately control spray drift that occurs during applications. In 2000, U.S. EPA began the process of making labels more consistent across all products and initially took a health-protective approach in proposing a label statement that prohibits drift from contacting people, structures people occupy and the associated property, and other non-target sites.
Unfortunately, the agency introduced gaping ambiguity in the language by allowing that some undefined low level of spray drift was inevitable and acceptable. Despite the limited scope of U.S. EPA proposed label language, pesticide applicators, growers, and pesticide manufacturers oppose it. Applicators argue that they cannot do their jobs unless they are allowed to contaminate other people’s property, non-target animals, and/or water bodies. Growers, applicators, and industry representatives are lobbying for language that would only prohibit drift that causes “unreasonable adverse effects,” leaving one to wonder what, exactly, constitutes a reasonable adverse effect. As of March 2003, U.S. EPA has not made a final decision on the label language it will use. However, if the agency is serious about protecting human health, it must prohibit any chemical trespass and empower those who enforce the laws to prevent drift and prosecute violators.
******
Per: http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/updates/upd-06-06-11.html
Pesticide drift, which is the unintended airborne movement of pesticides away from a target application site as spray, vapor, odor, or other forms, is recognized as a major cause of pesticide exposure affecting people, wildlife, and the environment.
Common factors contributing to pesticide drift included weather conditions such as high winds or temperature inversions, improper seal of the fumigation site such as a tear in the tarp used to cover the site after application or premature removal of a tarp, and carelessness by the applicator, such as flying over houses or failing to turn off a nozzle at the end of a row of crops.
*****
Per: http://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/3816/
Pesticide drift, which is the off-target movement of pesticides, is recognized as a major cause of pesticide exposure affecting people as well as wildlife and the environment. In the United States in 2004, > 1,700 investigations were conducted in 40 states because of drift complaints, and 71% of the incident investigations confirmed that drift arose from pesticide applications to agricultural crops (Association of American Pesticide Control Officials 2005).
******
Pesticide accidents can happen for a variety of reasons. People can make mistakes, and sometimes malicious intent is involved. In some situations, pesticides have drifted or runoff from their intended targets to cause harm to bystanders, communities, and the environment. Regardless of the reason, mistakes with pesticides seldom escape public scrutiny. Pesticide applicators carry the responsibility and liability associated with the safe and proper use of any pesticide product.
Vapor Drift:
Vapor drift refers to the movement of pesticides as gaseous vapors from the target area. Some pesticides are volatile and can change readily from a solid or liquid into a gas under the right conditions. This most commonly occurs with high air temperatures. Pesticides that have volatilized into a vapor or gas may drift farther and for a longer time than they would have as spray droplets. Only those pesticides that are able to volatilize are susceptible to vapor drift. As air temperatures increase, the likelihood that these pesticides will volatilize and drift also increases. Whenever possible, choose a pesticide formulated as a low-volatility product. Avoid applying volatile pesticides on hot days. Some products can even volatilize several hours after application, so beware if high temperatures are predicted for later in the day. Many products carry precautions against applying these products when temperatures are above 85 degrees F or expected to reach 85 degrees. Remember to check label precautions for product specific concerns about vapor drift.
******
Per: http://www.pesticideresearch.com/site/docs/SecondhandPcides.pdf
New analysis of pesticide drift in this report reveals that several widely used pesticides are regularly found far from their application sites at concentrations that significantly exceed acute and chronic exposure levels deemed “safe” by regulatory agencies. Virtually everywhere pesticides are used, they drift away from their intended target and can persist for days and even months after application. These “secondhand pesticides,” like secondhand cigarette smoke, can cause serious adverse health effects and are forced on others against their will. It’s time for California agriculture to kick the pesticide habit and for the agencies responsible to take action to protect public health by reducing and eliminating use of drift-prone pesticides.
Pesticide drift is any airborne movement of pesticides (insecticides, herbicides, fungicides, etc.) away from the intended target, including droplets, dusts, volatilized vapor-phase pesticides, and pesticide contaminated soil particles. Sometimes drift is very noticeable as a cloud of spray droplets or dust during application, or as an unpleasant odor afterwards. But it is frequently insidious—invisible to the eye and odorless—often persisting for days, weeks, or even months after application as volatile chemicals evaporate and contaminate the air.
*****
Per: http://www.pesticideresearch.com/site/docs/SecondhandPcides.pdf
Spray drift controls are ineffective : Present label language on pesticide products does not adequately control spray drift that occurs during applications. In 2000, U.S. EPA began the process of making labels more consistent across all products and initially took a health-protective approach in proposing a label statement that prohibits drift from contacting people, structures people occupy and the associated property, and other non-target sites.
Unfortunately, the agency introduced gaping ambiguity in the language by allowing that some undefined low level of spray drift was inevitable and acceptable. Despite the limited scope of U.S. EPA proposed label language, pesticide applicators, growers, and pesticide manufacturers oppose it. Applicators argue that they cannot do their jobs unless they are allowed to contaminate other people’s property, non-target animals, and/or water bodies. Growers, applicators, and industry representatives are lobbying for language that would only prohibit drift that causes “unreasonable adverse effects,” leaving one to wonder what, exactly, constitutes a reasonable adverse effect. As of March 2003, U.S. EPA has not made a final decision on the label language it will use. However, if the agency is serious about protecting human health, it must prohibit any chemical trespass and empower those who enforce the laws to prevent drift and prosecute violators.
******
Per: http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/updates/upd-06-06-11.html
Pesticide drift, which is the unintended airborne movement of pesticides away from a target application site as spray, vapor, odor, or other forms, is recognized as a major cause of pesticide exposure affecting people, wildlife, and the environment.
Common factors contributing to pesticide drift included weather conditions such as high winds or temperature inversions, improper seal of the fumigation site such as a tear in the tarp used to cover the site after application or premature removal of a tarp, and carelessness by the applicator, such as flying over houses or failing to turn off a nozzle at the end of a row of crops.
*****
Per: http://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/3816/
Pesticide drift, which is the off-target movement of pesticides, is recognized as a major cause of pesticide exposure affecting people as well as wildlife and the environment. In the United States in 2004, > 1,700 investigations were conducted in 40 states because of drift complaints, and 71% of the incident investigations confirmed that drift arose from pesticide applications to agricultural crops (Association of American Pesticide Control Officials 2005).
******
Pesticide accidents can happen for a variety of reasons. People can make mistakes, and sometimes malicious intent is involved. In some situations, pesticides have drifted or runoff from their intended targets to cause harm to bystanders, communities, and the environment. Regardless of the reason, mistakes with pesticides seldom escape public scrutiny. Pesticide applicators carry the responsibility and liability associated with the safe and proper use of any pesticide product.
Remember: Pesticide Drift in the state of Florida is Illegal......
Per: University of Florida: Managing Pesticide Drift
Drift and Florida Law :
Chapter 487 of the Florida Statutes:
“It is unlawful for any person to apply a pesticide directly to, or in any manner cause any pesticide to drift onto, any person or area not intended to receive the pesticide.
******
Per: University of Florida: Managing Pesticide Drift
Vapor Drift:
Vapor drift refers to the movement of pesticides as gaseous vapors from the target area. Some pesticides are volatile and can change readily from a solid or liquid into a gas under the right conditions. This most commonly occurs with high air temperatures. Pesticides that have volatilized into a vapor or gas may drift farther and for a longer time than they would have as spray droplets. Only those pesticides that are able to volatilize are susceptible to vapor drift. As air temperatures increase, the likelihood that these pesticides will volatilize and drift also increases. Whenever possible, choose a pesticide formulated as a low-volatility product. Avoid applying volatile pesticides on hot days. Some products can even volatilize several hours after application, so beware if high temperatures are predicted for later in the day. Many products carry precautions against applying these products when temperatures are above 85 degrees F or expected to reach 85 degrees. Remember to check label precautions for product specific concerns about vapor drift.
******
Per: http://www.pesticideresearch.com/site/docs/SecondhandPcides.pdf
Spray drift controls are ineffective:
Present label language on pesticide products does not adequately control spray drift that occurs during applications. In 2000, U.S. EPA began the process of making labels more consistent across all products and initially took a health-protective approach in proposing a label statement that prohibits drift from contacting people, structures people occupy and the associated property, and other non-target sites.
Unfortunately, the agency introduced gaping ambiguity in the language by allowing that some undefined low level of spray drift was inevitable and acceptable. Despite the limited scope of U.S. EPA proposed label language, pesticide applicators, growers, and pesticide manufacturers oppose it. Applicators argue that they cannot do their jobs unless they are allowed to contaminate other people’s property, non-target animals, and/or water bodies. Growers, applicators, and industry representatives are lobbying for language that would only prohibit drift that causes “unreasonable adverse effects,” leaving one to wonder what, exactly, constitutes a reasonable adverse effect. As of March 2003, U.S. EPA has not made a final decision on the label language it will use. However, if the agency is serious about protecting human health, it must prohibit any chemical trespass and empower those who enforce the laws to prevent drift and prosecute violators.
*****
Per: http://www.pesticideresearch.com/site/docs/SecondhandPcides.pdf
New analysis of pesticide drift in this report reveals that several widely used pesticides are regularly found far from their application sites at concentrations that significantly exceed acute and chronic exposure levels deemed “safe” by regulatory agencies. Virtually everywhere pesticides are used, they drift away from their intended target and can persist for days and even months after application. These “secondhand pesticides,” like secondhand cigarette smoke, can cause serious adverse health effects and are forced on others against their will. It’s time for California agriculture to kick the pesticide habit and for the agencies responsible to take action to protect public health by reducing and eliminating use of drift-prone pesticides.
Pesticide drift is any airborne movement of pesticides (insecticides, herbicides, fungicides, etc.) away from the intended target, including droplets, dusts, volatilized vapor-phase pesticides, and pesticide contaminated soil particles. Sometimes drift is very noticeable as a cloud of spray droplets or dust during application, or as an unpleasant odor afterwards. But it is frequently insidious—invisible to the eye and odorless—often persisting for days, weeks, or even months after application as volatile chemicals evaporate and contaminate the air.
*****
Per: http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/updates/upd-06-06-11.html
Pesticide drift, which is the unintended airborne movement of pesticides away from a target application site as spray, vapor, odor, or other forms, is recognized as a major cause of pesticide exposure affecting people, wildlife, and the environment.
Common factors contributing to pesticide drift included weather conditions such as high winds or temperature inversions, improper seal of the fumigation site such as a tear in the tarp used to cover the site after application or premature removal of a tarp, and carelessness by the applicator, such as flying over houses or failing to turn off a nozzle at the end of a row of crops.
*****
Per: http://www.who.int/heca/infomaterials/pesticides.pdf
Chronic, low-level exposures can affect the skin, eyes, nervous system, cardiovascular system,respiratory system, gastrointestinal tract and liver, kidneys, reproductive system and blood. Recent research has examined the effect that some pesticides may have on the endocrine (hormone) systems of children. Such endocrine disrupting chemicals or EDCs can mimic or inhibit normal hormones, which may affect the physical and neurological development of children and adolescents. Many persistent organic pollutants (POPs) are pesticides. For example, POPs like aldrin, chlordane, DDT, and dioxins persist in the environment, accumulate in fatty tissue, and pose risk to human health. These and other POPs are in the process of being banned
in adherence to a global treaty.
Exposure to high levels of pesticides may lead to acute effects, such as headaches, dizziness, weakness, and nausea. These flu-like symptoms may not be reported by the exposed individual if he or she does not recognize the connection between the symptoms and the exposure. For example, in many countries symptoms of pesticide poisonings are mistaken for malaria symptoms and treated as such. Healthcare professionals often receive only limited training in occupational and environmental health, and in pesticides-related illnesses in particular. More severe pesticides poisoning can cause respiratory distress, convulsions, coma and death. It is estimated that there are between one million and five million pesticide poisonings each year, resulting in 20 thousand deaths worldwide. The exact number of child poisonings from pesticides is not known but is assumed to be large.
******
Per: http://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/3816/
Pesticide drift, which is the off-target movement of pesticides, is recognized as a major cause of pesticide exposure affecting people as well as wildlife and the environment. In the United States in 2004, > 1,700 investigations were conducted in 40 states because of drift complaints, and 71% of the incident investigations confirmed that drift arose from pesticide applications to agricultural crops (Association of American Pesticide Control Officials 2005).
******
Per: http://www.cdpr.ca.gov/docs/dept/factshts/epadoc.htm
EPA defines pesticide spray drift as the physical movement of a pesticide through air at the time of application or soon thereafter, to any site other than that intended for application (often referred to as off-target). EPA does not include in its definition the movement of pesticides to off-target sites caused by erosion, migration, volatility, or contaminated soil particles that are windblown after application, unless specifically addressed on a pesticide product label with respect to drift control requirements
Off-target spray can affect human health and the environment. For example, spray drift can result in pesticide exposures to farm workers, children playing outside, and wildlife and its habitat. Drift can also contaminate a home garden or another farmer's crops, causing illegal pesticide residues and/or plant damage. The proximity of individuals and sensitive sites to the pesticide application, the amounts of pesticide drift, and toxicity of the pesticide are important factors in determining the potential impacts from drift.
EPA recognizes the importance of exposures to pesticides resulting from spray drift. There are thousands of reported complaints of off-target spray drift each year. Reports of exposures of people, plants and animals to pesticides due to off-target drift (often referred to as "drift incidents") are an important component in the scientific evaluation and regulation of the uses of pesticides. Other routes of pesticide exposure include consuming foods and drinking water which may contain pesticide residues, applying pesticides, and contacting treated surfaces in agricultural, industrial, or residential settings. EPA considers all of these routes of exposure in regulating the use of pesticides.
EPA is responsible for a number of important programs that help protect people and the environment from potential adverse effects that can be related to off-target drift from pesticide applications. These programs include restricting how pesticides are used, certification and training of applicators, and enforcement and compliance of pesticide laws.
*****
Pesticide accidents can happen for a variety of reasons. People can make mistakes, and sometimes malicious intent is involved. In some situations, pesticides have drifted or runoff from their intended targets to cause harm to bystanders, communities, and the environment. Regardless of the reason, mistakes with pesticides seldom escape public scrutiny. Pesticide applicators carry the responsibility and liability associated with the safe and proper use of any pesticide product.
******
COMBINING CHEMICALS:
PER: Cameo Chemicals
CHLOROPICRIN mixed with
1,3-DICHLOROPROPENE
Caution
- Reaction products may be explosive or sensitive to shock or friction
Per: Cameo Chemicals
WATER mixed with
DIMETHYL DISULFIDE (DMDS)
Caution
- Reaction products may be flammable
- Reaction liberates gaseous products and may cause pressurization
- Reaction products may be toxic
- May produce the following gases:
- Hydrogen Sulfide
- Hydrogen Sulfide (H2S)
Per: Cameo Chemicals
CHLOROPICRIN is a powerful irritant affecting all body surfaces, more toxic then chlorine. It can be shocked into detonation. When heated to decomposition, it emits highly toxic fumes of chlorine gas and nitrogen oxides [Sax, 9th ed., 1996, p. 821]. It produces a violent reaction with aniline [Jackson, K. E., Chem. Rev., 1934, 14, p. 269] or strong bases in the presence of alcohols (alkoxides) [Ramsey, B. G., et al., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1966, 88, p. 3059]. An insecticidal mixture of the nitrocompound and 3-bromopropyne exploded violently, initiated by an overheated pump during a railcar transfer operation, [BCISC Quart. Safety Summ., 1968, 39, 12].
Belongs to the Following Reactive Group(s) ******
Per: Cameo Chemicals
WATER mixed with
CHLOROPICRIN
Caution
- Reaction products may be corrosive
- Reaction liberates gaseous products and may cause pressurization
- May produce the following gases:
- Acid Fumes
- Hydrogen Halide
- Nitrogen Oxides
